CIVIL CONTROL OF SECURITY AND DEFENSE FORCES, RULE OF LAW AND THE QUALITY OF DEMOCRACY IN BRAZIL: THE STATE OF THE QUESTION
Carlos Federico Domínguez Ávila's article offers a thought-provoking analysis of the relationship between civil control of security and public defense and the quality of democracy in Brazil. The author begins with the context of democratic erosion that started with the impeachment of Dilma Rousseff in 2016 and worsened during the presidency of Jair Bolsonaro (2019–2022). This period culminated in the attempted coup on January 8, 2023, which highlighted the urgent need to restore and strengthen the rule of law.
The study evaluates five dimensions: institutional dependence, budget, salaries and social status, normative control, and public opinion. Carlos details problems such as abuse of authority, involvement with crime, and the excessive autonomy of security forces, a legacy of Brazil’s militaristic past. He also notes resistance to reforms, while pointing out that the current political landscape offers an opportunity for progress.
The article advocates greater transparency, oversight, and professional training within the security forces. It emphasizes that the rule of law and a democratic regime can only be consolidated with institutions that are loyal to the Constitution and respectful to citizens’ rights. According to the author, Brazil must confront the so-called “praetorian challenge” by opposing authoritarian rhetoric and strengthening civilian leadership in security management.
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